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El objetivo de este artículo de reflexión es explorar la relación existente entre la actividad empresarial y la sostenibilidad en contextos de Base de la Pirámide (BdP), con el propósito de esclarecer el papel que el sector empresarial puede tener para el alivio de la pobreza. Comenzando con una revisión exhaustiva de la evolución de la teoría de la BdP, el artículo examina de manera crítica la responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) en contextos de pobreza, y sugiere la adopción de una interpretación más comprehensiva de la RSE que incorpore por completo la sostenibilidad (ambiental, económica y socialmente) en la operación del negocio. A continuación, se explora la noción de “empresa sostenible” (Hart, 2010) como un tipo mejorado de corporación que adopta el desarrollo sostenible, y se corresponde con los modelos de negocios para la BdP conocidos como negocios inclusivos. La sección final del artículo enfatiza la relevancia de los negocios inclusivos como empresas sostenibles con el potencial para mejorar de manera significativa las condiciones de vida para la mayoría de las comunidades pobres, siendo a su vez económicamente rentables y ambientalmente viables. Desde el punto de vista de la sostenibilidad, se sugiere que el mayor reto es alcanzar un balance entre un mayor consumo y producción en la BdP, y la limitada capacidad ambiental de la Tierra.Referencias
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